Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a common skin condition characterized by itchy, inflamed, and dry skin. It often appears as red, scaly patches on the skin and can occur on any part of the body. Eczema is a chronic condition that tends to come and go in flare-ups. The exact cause of eczema is unknown, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. People with a family history of eczema, asthma, or allergies are more likely to develop the condition. Certain triggers can worsen eczema symptoms, including irritants (such as soaps, detergents, or certain fabrics), allergens (such as dust mites, pet dander, or pollen), dry skin, stress, and hormonal changes.